NAME
Net::Postgres::Abstract - Abstractly and asynchronously querying your postgresql database
SYNOPSIS
use Net::Postgres::Abstract;
my $dbh = await Net::Postgres::Abstract.connect-tcp(:$host, :user, :$password);
await $dbh.transaction: {
my $row = await $dbh.insert('table', { :user<leont>, :language<raku> }, :returning<id>);
...
}
my $results = await $dbh.select('table', <user password country>, { :age('>' => 25) });
for $results.objects(User) -> $user {
...
}
my $sth = await $dbh.select('table', *, { :id(delegate('id')) }, :prepare);
for @ids -> $id {
my $row = await $sth->execute(:$id);
...
}
Description
Net::Postgres::Abstract is at its core a combination of query builder SQL::Abstract
and postgresql client Net::Postgres
.
Rationale
It abstracts the generation of SQL queries, so you don't have to write them yourself.
All queries are performed asynchronously.
Full support for prepared queries, including named substitution, is offered.
Constructors
connect-tcp(--> Promise)
This creates a promise to a new Net::Postgres::Abstract
client. It takes the following named arguments:
connect-local(--> Promise)
This creates a new Net::Postgres::Abstract
client much like connect-tcp
, but does so via a unix domain socket.
connect(--> Promise)
This takes the same arguments as connect-local
and connect-tcp
. It will call the former if the $host
is localhost and the $path
exists, otherwise it will call connect-tcp
.
Querying methods
All these methods return a Promise. if a :$prepared
argument is given to them the Promise will contain a Net::Postgres::Abstract::PreparedStatement
object, otherwise it will be the usual Net::Postgres
return type (usually a Net::Postgres::ResultSet
if it returns rows, or a Str
if it doesn't).
select
method select(Source(Any) $source, Column::List(Any) $columns = *, Conditions(Any) $where?, Common(Any) :$common,
Distinction(Any) :$distinct, GroupBy(Any) :$group-by, Conditions(Any) :$having, Window::Clauses(Any) :$windows,
Compound(Pair) :$compound, OrderBy(Any) :$order-by, Int :$limit, Int :$offset, Locking(Any) :$locking)
This will generate a SELECT
query. It will select $columns
from $source
, filtering by $conditions.
my $join = { :left<books>, :right<authors>, :using<author_id> };
my $result = $abstract.select($join, ['books.name', 'authors.name'], { :cost('<' => 10) });
# SELECT books.name, authors.name FROM books INNER JOIN authors USING (author_id) WHERE cost < 10
my $counts = $abstract.select('artists',
[ 'name', :number(:count(*)) ],
{ :name(like => 'A%') },
:group-by<name>, :order-by(:number<desc>));
# SELECT name, COUNT(*) as number FROM artists WHERE name LIKE 'A%' GROUP BY name ORDER BY number DESC
update
method update(Table(Any) $target, Assigns(Any) $assigns, Conditions(Any) $where?,
Common(Any) :$common, Source(Any) :$from, Column::List(Any) :$returning)
This will update $target
by assigning the columns and values from $set
if they match $where
, returning $returning
.
$abtract.update('artists', { :name('The Artist (Formerly Known as Prince)') }, { :name<Prince> });
# UPDATE artists SET name = 'The Artist (Formerly Known as Prince)' WHERE name = 'Prince'
insert
Map insertion
method insert(Table(Any) $target, Assigns(Any) $values, Common(Any) :$common,
Overriding(Str) :$overriding, Conflicts(Any) :$conflicts, Column::List(Any) :$returning)
Inserts the values in $values
into the table $target
, returning the columns in $returning
$abstract.insert('artists', { :name<Metallica> }, :returning(*));
# INSERT INTO artists (name) VALUES ('Metallica') RETURNING *
List insertions
method insert(Table(Any) $target, Identifiers(Any) $columns, Rows(List) $rows, Common(Any) :$common,
Overriding(Str) :$overriding, Conflicts(Any) :$conflicts, Column::List(Any) :$returning)
Insert into $target
, assigning each of the values in Rows to a new row in the table. This way one can insert a multitude of rows into a table.
$abstract.insert('artists', ['name'], [ ['Metallica'], ['Motörhead'] ], :returning(*));
# INSERT INTO artists (name) VALUES ('Metallica'), ('Motörhead') RETURNING *
$abstract.insert('artists', List, [ [ 'Metallica'], ], :returning<id>);
# INSERT INTO artists VALUES ('Metallica') RETURNING id
Select insertion
method insert(Table(Any) $target, Identifiers(Any) $columns, Select(Map) $select, Common(Any) :$common,
Overriding(Str) :$overriding, Conflicts(Any) :$conflicts, Column::List(Any) :$returning)
This selects from a (usually different) table, and inserts the values into the table.
$abstract.insert('artists', 'name', { :source<new_artists>, :columns<name> }, :returning(*));
# INSERT INTO artists (name) SELECT name FROM new_artists RETURNING *
delete
method delete(Table:D(Any:D) $target, Conditions(Any) $where, Common(Any) :$common,
Source(Any) :$using, Column::List(Any) :$returning)
This deletes rows from the database, optionally returning their values.
$abstract.delete('artists', { :name<Madonna> });
# DELETE FROM artists WHERE name = 'Madonna'
query
method query(Str $sql, @arguments?)
method query(SQL::Query $query)
method query(SQL::Abstract::Expression $query)
Perform a manual query to the database.
prepare
method prepare(Str $sql)
method prepare(Str $sql, @names)
This prepares a raw query. If given @names
it will take named parameters on execute, without it will take positional ones.
transaction
To use a transaction, one can use the transaction(&code)
method. It's code reference will act as a wrapper for the transaction. If anything throws an exception out of the callback (e.g. a failed query method), a rollback will be attempted.
Connection methods
listen(Str $channel-name --> Promise[Supply])
This listens to notifications on the given channel. It returns a Promise
to a Supply
of Notification
s.
terminate(--> Nil)
This sends a message to the server to terminate the connection
disconnected(--> Promise)
This returns a Promise
that will be be kept if the connection or broken to signal the connection is lost.
process-id(--> Int)
This returns the process id of the backend of this connection. This is useful for debugging purposes and for notifications.
get-parameter(Str $name --> Str)
This returns various parameters, currently known parameters are: server_version
, server_encoding
, client_encoding
, application_name
, default_transaction_read_only
, in_hot_standby
, is_superuser
, session_authorization
, DateStyle
, IntervalStyle
, TimeZone
, integer_datetimes
, and standard_conforming_strings
.
PreparedStatement
This class is much like Net::
Exported functions
Under the :functions
tag it exports two helper functions
AUTHOR
Leon Timmermans fawaka@gmail.com
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright 2023 Leon Timmermans
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the Artistic License 2.0.